Dental Disease in Dogs

Dental disease is a prevalent issue in dogs, affecting their teeth and gums and often leading to more severe health problems if left untreated. 

Common problems include plaque and tartar buildup, gum inflammation, and advanced periodontal disease. 

Good oral hygiene is essential for your dog's overall health, especially as they age.

Causes of Dental Disease in Dogs

Dental disease in dogs can be caused by several factors, including age, diet, genetics, and inadequate oral care. Plaque, a soft, sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth, is the initial culprit. If not removed, plaque hardens into tartar, which can lead to gum disease and infections. Smaller breeds and those with crowded teeth are more prone to these issues due to their mouth structure.

Symptoms to Watch For

Identifying dental disease early can prevent more serious health concerns. Look out for signs such as bad breath, excessive drooling, reluctance to eat, or pawing at the mouth. Discoloured teeth, red or bleeding gums, and visible discomfort while chewing are also red flags. In advanced cases, you might notice loose teeth or swelling around the mouth.

Types of Dental Problems in Dogs

Plaque and Tartar Build-Up

Plaque forms from food particles and bacteria, creating a sticky film on the teeth. If not brushed away, it hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a vet.

Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums, often seen as redness or swelling. Without treatment, it can progress to periodontal disease, which damages the structures supporting the teeth, potentially leading to tooth loss.

Broken and Retained Baby Teeth

Broken teeth can expose the nerve, causing pain and increasing the risk of infection. Retained baby teeth, which are teeth that fail to fall out naturally, can cause overcrowding and should be removed by a vet.

Tooth Root Abscesses

Abscesses occur when an infection spreads to the root of a tooth, causing a painful, pus-filled swelling. These require prompt veterinary treatment, often involving antibiotics and surgery.

Treatment Options for Dental Disease

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases might only need a professional cleaning and regular at-home care, while severe cases could require tooth extractions or other surgical interventions. Your vet may also prescribe antibiotics to treat any infections present.

Prevention and Home Care

Regular Tooth Brushing

Brushing your dog's teeth regularly is the most effective way to prevent dental disease. Use a dog-specific toothbrush and toothpaste, and aim to brush at least a few times a week. Regular brushing helps remove plaque before it hardens into tartar.

Diet and Dental Treats

A diet designed for dental health, along with dental treats and chews, can help keep your dog's teeth clean. These products are specifically formulated to reduce plaque and tartar build-up and support overall oral health. Look for products with the VOHC stamp of approval.

Routine Vet Check-Ups

Regular vet visits are essential for early detection and treatment of dental problems. Vets can perform professional cleanings and check for any issues that may not be visible to the naked eye.

A Note on Pet Groomer Dental Services.

Many pet groomers are now offering dental cleaning services. There is a clear appeal to be able to provide inexpensive dental care to an awake pet, however these dental cleanings are unable to clean below the gum line, and cannot identify diseased teeth or offer removal. Cleaning diseased teeth can expose tooth roots and leave your pet in more pain. The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons has produced this statement on anaesthesia-free dentals 

When to Contact Your Vet

If your dog shows signs of severe dental disease, such as refusal to eat, extreme drooling, or noticeable pain, it's crucial to contact your vet immediately. Early intervention can prevent complications and reduce discomfort for your pet.

Cost Considerations and Insurance

Dental care for dogs can be expensive, especially if advanced treatments or surgery are required. Investing in pet insurance that covers dental treatments can help offset these costs, ensuring your dog gets the care they need without the financial burden.

Maintaining your dog’s dental health through regular care and professional check-ups is key to preventing dental disease, ensuring your furry friend enjoys a happy, healthy life well into their senior years.

If your dog's quality of life is suffering, contact our team via 0333 041 8200 or request an appointment.